An expansive area of the IT industry, computer-programming is also referred to as software engineering or development. Computing-devices have run programs ever since their original inception, & so programming has become quite mature. Without a software program, more or less all electronic devices would just be dumb containers that didn't actually do anything. Programs are running in virtually all the pieces of technological hardware we now have in our homes. Granted, a lot of it is what we call firmware, or a basic operating-system which allows the equipment to perform; video-recorders and DVD Players are examples of these. The on screen interface which you use to set a TV recording, or even the navigation menu which pops-up when you're watching a DVD is all software. When you click 'play' on your DVD or Blu-ray Recorder & settle down to watch a movie, a bit of software takes the binary code from the disc & converts it into video information incredibly quickly.

Programmers implementing systems use languages like C. The 'C' right now is a low level easy to use 'language' that hardly resembles the original version. Higher level 'languages' are employed by applications programmers. All these 'languages' (and there are plenty!) are different; they've got their very own rules & instructions and all are tailored to be more appropriate for particular tasks. As an example a programmer writing database software for corporate and business use would work with a language that suits that environment, but a programmer writing games software would most likely use 'C', to obtain extremely fast running-speeds. When you are creating a database application, then it is irrelevant if your screen 're-draws' in one 10th of a second or a hundredth of a second, whilst with games, it matters a whole lot. As a result, a database oriented language provides functions which are designed to make your work much easier - rather than strip everything possible away to help it operate more quickly. It's rather like the comparison between the family estate car & a racing-car. The estate-car will be a lot more comfy and cost-effective, but the trade-off is handling and speed. For the purpose of driving the young ones from one place to another though, it ticks all the right boxes.

A number of elements make it generally acknowledged that 'C' is the best 'language' for the commercial programming trainee to begin with. It's not only very disciplined, its also the foundation for a lot of other more up to date programming languages. Therefore once you've got the hang of 'C', getting to grips with others will be more straightforward. Microsoft support 'C' very well - it's the key systems 'language', and is one of the major languages in both MS 'Visual Studio' and its collection of certifications. The knowledge that MS endorse it so much, and supply a wide range of commercial accreditation in this 'language', is even more reason why it's beneficial pursuing it as starting point. As a matter of interest, 'C' started life back in the 1960's (it wasn't actually known as 'C' till the 1970's however.) It made the changeover to what we call object-oriented 'C++' (meaning its program isn't just one, 'linear' pattern of events - it can be numerous objects communicating with each other) during the 80's. Around the very start of the 21st century, MS launched a .NET enabled version which is now labelled C# ('C' sharp,) bringing us all to where we are today. The '.Net' is the term for a software-framework developed by Microsoft that enables 'Windows' programmers to gain access to a collection of pre-written libraries, which accomplish a great many fundamental tasks releasing programmers from being required to write them themselves.

At its lowest level then, we could say software engineering is basically telling electronic equipment how to do it's task by using special languages. Naturally, this is a massive over-simplification. At the complexity of your 'Windows' desk-top computer, you can probably find as much as 100 individual programs that are running in the background, all sustaining the system & enabling you to actually do things. Computer systems in essence run on two different types of software program - the operating system is low-level, & the 'applications' run by the operating system are higher-level. One of the most popular operating-systems across the world is Microsoft Windows. Windows is actually a very complicated suite of programs, all inter-acting with each other to run everything - the space on the desk-top, how you inter-act with it, your network & internet access, all of the storage mediums and all of the connecting-devices.

As we move much more closely to the notion of cloud computing, we're going through an increasing progression towards network & internet based software. 'Cloud' computing refers to files that may be accessed from all over the world, as they're located out in the 'ether'. Every one of the procedures are completed 'in the cloud' - right down to the raw processing. In due course the only real requirement will be that you need to have an extremely basic terminal plugged in to the network (or of course wirelessly connected to it).

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